diff --git a/internal/ipc/client.go b/internal/ipc/client.go
index 1c61b30..63005fe 100644
--- a/internal/ipc/client.go
+++ b/internal/ipc/client.go
@@ -26,17 +26,51 @@ type Client struct {
 	mu   sync.Mutex
 }
 
-// errConnLost marks a dropped connection — the write failed, or the read hit
-// EOF because the peer went away (a core restart closes the accepted conn, and
-// the failure can surface on either phase depending on socket-buffer timing).
-// call() redials and retries once on this. Retry is safe for the case that
-// actually happens — core restarted, so the request was never processed. The
-// only unsafe window is a write method whose request the server committed and
-// then died before replying; a retry would re-apply it. That's rare, and the
-// store is append-only (a duplicate is a superseding row, not corruption), so
-// self-healing across restarts is the right trade. ponytail: retry-once, not a
-// full idempotency-key protocol — add request IDs if double-apply ever bites.
-var errConnLost = errors.New("ipc: connection lost")
+// errWriteLost marks a conn drop while sending the request frame: the request
+// never reached the server (or the server never saw a complete frame), so
+// retrying is always safe regardless of method — nothing was applied to
+// retry twice.
+var errWriteLost = errors.New("ipc: connection lost before request sent")
+
+// errReadLost marks a conn drop while waiting for the reply: the request was
+// sent and may have already been applied server-side before the connection
+// died (core restart mid-request, crash after commit but before reply, etc).
+// Retrying here can double-apply a mutation, which ECOSYSTEM-SPEC.md's
+// "never retry an unknown outcome" invariant forbids. call() only auto-retries
+// this for read-only methods (idempotent by construction); a mutation method
+// returns ErrAmbiguousOutcome instead so the caller can decide — the outcome
+// genuinely is unknown, not safely retryable and not safely reported as failed.
+var errReadLost = errors.New("ipc: connection lost awaiting reply")
+
+// ErrAmbiguousOutcome is returned when a mutation's request may or may not
+// have been applied server-side (the connection dropped after the request was
+// sent, before the reply arrived). Callers must not blindly retry — the retry
+// itself could double-apply. Surface this to the user/operator rather than
+// silently treating it as either success or failure.
+var ErrAmbiguousOutcome = errors.New("ipc: mutation outcome unknown (connection lost awaiting reply)")
+
+// readOnlyMethods are safe to retry on an ambiguous (post-send) connection
+// loss: replaying a read cannot double-apply anything. Every method not
+// listed here is treated as a mutation for retry purposes — being
+// conservative (refusing to retry) is the safe default for a method added
+// here by omission.
+var readOnlyMethods = map[Method]bool{
+	MethodLatestFact:           true,
+	MethodLatestFactBySource:   true,
+	MethodSince:                true,
+	MethodPresence:             true,
+	MethodListReminders:        true,
+	MethodRecentOutcomes:       true,
+	MethodRecentFacts:          true,
+	MethodCalendarEvents:       true,
+	MethodRecentNudges:         true,
+	MethodQueryNotes:           true,
+	MethodRecentNotes:          true,
+	MethodLookupTool:           true,
+	MethodListTools:            true,
+	MethodListProposedRoutines: true,
+	MethodTickTrace:            true,
+}
 
 // Dial connects to a core socket at path and returns a Client. The module
 // owns its Client lifecycle; Close on shutdown.
@@ -109,11 +143,20 @@ func (c *Client) call(ctx context.Context, m Method, params, result any) error {
 
 	var resp Response
 	err := c.roundtrip(m, raw, &resp)
-	if errors.Is(err, errConnLost) {
-		// Core likely restarted (new socket inode) and our cached conn is dead.
-		// The write never landed, so redial (roundtrip re-dials on a nil conn)
-		// and retry exactly once.
+	switch {
+	case errors.Is(err, errWriteLost):
+		// The request never left; a duplicate send can't double-apply.
+		// Redial (roundtrip re-dials on a nil conn) and retry exactly once.
 		err = c.roundtrip(m, raw, &resp)
+	case errors.Is(err, errReadLost):
+		if readOnlyMethods[m] {
+			// A duplicate read can't double-apply either — safe to replay.
+			err = c.roundtrip(m, raw, &resp)
+		} else {
+			// The mutation may have already committed server-side. Do not
+			// retry: report the ambiguity instead of guessing.
+			return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", ErrAmbiguousOutcome, err)
+		}
 	}
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -130,25 +173,26 @@ func (c *Client) call(ctx context.Context, m Method, params, result any) error {
 }
 
 // roundtrip sends one request and reads its reply on c.conn, lazily (re)dialing
-// if the conn is nil (fresh Client or a prior drop). A write failure is wrapped
-// in errConnLost (safe to retry); a read failure is returned bare (ambiguous).
-// Either way a failed conn is dropped so the next call re-dials clean. Caller
-// holds c.mu.
+// if the conn is nil (fresh Client or a prior drop). A write-phase (or dial)
+// failure is wrapped in errWriteLost (always safe to retry); a read-phase
+// failure is wrapped in errReadLost (ambiguous — call() only retries it for
+// read-only methods). Either way a failed conn is dropped so the next call
+// re-dials clean. Caller holds c.mu.
 func (c *Client) roundtrip(m Method, raw json.RawMessage, resp *Response) error {
 	if c.conn == nil {
 		conn, err := net.Dial("unix", c.path)
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("%w: dial %s: %v", errConnLost, c.path, err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("%w: dial %s: %v", errWriteLost, c.path, err)
 		}
 		c.conn = conn
 	}
 	if err := writeFrame(c.conn, Request{Method: m, Params: raw}); err != nil {
 		c.drop()
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", errConnLost, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", errWriteLost, err)
 	}
 	if err := readFrame(c.conn, resp); err != nil {
 		c.drop()
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", errConnLost, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", errReadLost, err)
 	}
 	return nil
 }
diff --git a/internal/ipc/ipc_test.go b/internal/ipc/ipc_test.go
index f4faf85..be8ef53 100644
--- a/internal/ipc/ipc_test.go
+++ b/internal/ipc/ipc_test.go
@@ -542,6 +542,99 @@ func dialRaw(path string) (net.Conn, error) {
 	return net.Dial("unix", path)
 }
 
+// crashAfterReceiveServer accepts exactly one connection, reads exactly one
+// request frame (so, from the client's point of view, the request definitely
+// reached the server — a real write could have already committed at this
+// point), then closes the connection without ever writing a reply. This is
+// the "commit-then-disconnect" scenario the audit finding is about: the
+// client cannot tell success from failure from the dropped connection alone.
+func crashAfterReceiveServer(t *testing.T, path string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	l, err := net.Listen("unix", path)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("listen: %v", err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() { _ = l.Close() })
+	go func() {
+		conn, err := l.Accept()
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		var req Request
+		_ = readFrame(conn, &req)
+		_ = conn.Close() // crash: request received, no reply ever sent
+	}()
+}
+
+// TestClient_MutationNotRetriedOnAmbiguousDisconnect — the audit's core
+// finding (Vikunja #269): a write whose reply never arrived (server received
+// the frame, then died before replying) must not be silently retried, since
+// the original request may have already committed. The client must surface
+// ErrAmbiguousOutcome instead of guessing either way.
+func TestClient_MutationNotRetriedOnAmbiguousDisconnect(t *testing.T) {
+	sock := tmpSocket(t)
+	crashAfterReceiveServer(t, sock)
+
+	cli, err := Dial(sock)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("dial: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer cli.Close()
+
+	_, err = cli.WriteFact(context.Background(), WriteFactReq{Key: "k", Value: "v", Source: "test"})
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrAmbiguousOutcome) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected ErrAmbiguousOutcome on commit-then-disconnect, got %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestClient_ReadRetriedOnAmbiguousDisconnect — the same disconnect timing on
+// a read-only method is safe to retry (replaying a read can't double-apply):
+// the first connection receives the request and dies without replying, the
+// second connection (the client's automatic retry redial) gets a real reply.
+// No sleeps: each accepted connection is handled deterministically by index.
+func TestClient_ReadRetriedOnAmbiguousDisconnect(t *testing.T) {
+	sock := tmpSocket(t)
+
+	l, err := net.Listen("unix", sock)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("listen: %v", err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() { _ = l.Close() })
+
+	var n int
+	go func() {
+		for {
+			conn, err := l.Accept()
+			if err != nil {
+				return
+			}
+			n++
+			attempt := n
+			go func(conn net.Conn, attempt int) {
+				defer conn.Close()
+				var req Request
+				if err := readFrame(conn, &req); err != nil {
+					return
+				}
+				if attempt == 1 {
+					return // crash: request received, no reply ever sent
+				}
+				_ = writeFrame(conn, Response{Result: mustJSON(Presence{})})
+			}(conn, attempt)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	cli, err := Dial(sock)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("dial: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer cli.Close()
+
+	if _, err := cli.Presence(context.Background()); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("read should have retried past the ambiguous disconnect, got: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
 func mustJSON(v any) []byte {
 	b, err := json.Marshal(v)
 	if err != nil {