diff --git a/internal/store/migrations.go b/internal/store/migrations.go
index 720b822..3381064 100644
--- a/internal/store/migrations.go
+++ b/internal/store/migrations.go
@@ -330,6 +330,27 @@ ALTER TABLE reminders ADD COLUMN next_fire_ts INTEGER;`, // #2
 		claims              TEXT    NOT NULL DEFAULT '[]'
 	);
 	CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_routing_traces_ts ON routing_traces (ts DESC);`,
+	// #24 — the corrected pairs (V-630). Separate from routing_traces on
+	// purpose, and this is the whole retention argument: a trace is a transcript
+	// and expires in 14 days, while a correction is a label the owner wrote by
+	// hand and is the only supervised signal the box will ever get. Promoting it
+	// out at the moment he writes it means the label survives the transcript
+	// that carried it.
+	//
+	// should_be may be empty. "That was wrong" with no target is a usable
+	// negative and must not cost more to give than the full answer would.
+	//
+	// UNIQUE(utterance) so correcting the same sentence twice replaces the
+	// label rather than stacking two. His second answer is the one he meant.
+	`CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS routing_labels (
+		id         INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+		ts         INTEGER NOT NULL,
+		utterance  TEXT    NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+		was        TEXT    NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+		should_be  TEXT    NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+		source     TEXT    NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+		encoder_id TEXT    NOT NULL DEFAULT ''
+	);`,
 }
 
 // migrate applies every migration with a number greater than the DB's current
diff --git a/internal/store/routinglabels.go b/internal/store/routinglabels.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b21c584
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/store/routinglabels.go
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+package store
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// ErrNoSuchTrace — the trace the correction names is gone or never existed.
+// Held apart from a write failure because it is the expected outcome of
+// correcting a turn older than the 14-day bound, and the surface should say that
+// rather than report a broken database.
+var ErrNoSuchTrace = errors.New("no such routing trace")
+
+// RoutingLabel is one correction: what he said, what she made of it, and what it
+// should have been. It is the only supervised signal in the box, so it outlives
+// the trace it came from (V-630, docs/plans/22-correcting-a-turn.md).
+type RoutingLabel struct {
+	ID        int64     `json:"id"`
+	Ts        time.Time `json:"ts"`
+	Utterance string    `json:"utterance"`
+	// Was is the intent the cascade chose. Kept beside the target because the
+	// pair is what names the confusion, and a label with no "was" cannot say
+	// which boundary moved.
+	Was string `json:"was"`
+	// ShouldBe is the owner's target, and may be empty. "That was wrong, I am
+	// not going to tell you what it was" is a usable negative, and requiring the
+	// target would cost the cheap half of the gesture.
+	ShouldBe  string `json:"should_be"`
+	Source    string `json:"source"`
+	EncoderID string `json:"encoder_id"`
+}
+
+// CorrectTurn records the owner's correction of one persisted turn. It promotes
+// the pair into routing_labels and stamps the trace, both in one transaction:
+// a stamped trace with no label would lose the signal when the trace expires,
+// and a label with no stamp would let the same turn be corrected twice.
+//
+// shouldBe empty is allowed and means "wrong, target unstated".
+func (s *Store) CorrectTurn(ctx context.Context, traceID int64, shouldBe string, now time.Time) error {
+	tx, err := s.db.BeginTx(ctx, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("correct turn: begin: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = tx.Rollback() }()
+
+	var utterance, was, source, encoderID string
+	err = tx.QueryRowContext(ctx, `
+		SELECT utterance, intent, source, encoder_id FROM routing_traces WHERE id = ?`,
+		traceID).Scan(&utterance, &was, &source, &encoderID)
+	if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+		return ErrNoSuchTrace
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("correct turn: read trace: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	shouldBe = strings.TrimSpace(shouldBe)
+	if _, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx, `
+		INSERT INTO routing_labels (ts, utterance, was, should_be, source, encoder_id)
+		VALUES (?,?,?,?,?,?)
+		ON CONFLICT(utterance) DO UPDATE SET
+			ts = excluded.ts, was = excluded.was, should_be = excluded.should_be,
+			source = excluded.source, encoder_id = excluded.encoder_id`,
+		now.UnixMilli(), utterance, was, shouldBe, source, encoderID); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("correct turn: write label: %w", err)
+	}
+	// The stamp is what the trace itself carries: "corrected", or the target he
+	// gave. It expires with the trace, and that is fine — the label above is the
+	// durable half.
+	stamp := shouldBe
+	if stamp == "" {
+		stamp = "wrong"
+	}
+	if _, err := tx.ExecContext(ctx,
+		`UPDATE routing_traces SET correction = ? WHERE id = ?`, stamp, traceID); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("correct turn: stamp trace: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("correct turn: commit: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// RoutingLabels returns the newest n corrections, newest first. Nothing prunes
+// them: 31 modes and 9 of them with no example at all is the problem this table
+// exists to solve, and a label is a few dozen bytes.
+func (s *Store) RoutingLabels(ctx context.Context, n int) ([]RoutingLabel, error) {
+	rows, err := s.db.QueryContext(ctx, `
+		SELECT id, ts, utterance, was, should_be, source, encoder_id
+		  FROM routing_labels ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT ?`, n)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("routing labels: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	var out []RoutingLabel
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var l RoutingLabel
+		var tsMilli int64
+		if err := rows.Scan(&l.ID, &tsMilli, &l.Utterance, &l.Was, &l.ShouldBe,
+			&l.Source, &l.EncoderID); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		l.Ts = time.UnixMilli(tsMilli).UTC()
+		out = append(out, l)
+	}
+	return out, rows.Err()
+}
diff --git a/internal/store/routinglabels_test.go b/internal/store/routinglabels_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c858569
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/store/routinglabels_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+package store
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func seedTrace(t *testing.T, s *Store, utterance, intent string, now time.Time) int64 {
+	t.Helper()
+	id, err := s.WriteRoutingTrace(context.Background(), RoutingTrace{
+		Ts: now, Utterance: utterance, Intent: intent, Source: "tap:text", EncoderID: "e5-small",
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	return id
+}
+
+// The label carries the pair, and it is what survives the transcript.
+func TestCorrectTurnPromotesTheLabel(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestStore(t)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	now := time.Date(2026, 8, 6, 12, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	id := seedTrace(t, s, "поужинал", "query", now)
+
+	if err := s.CorrectTurn(ctx, id, "fact", now); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	labels, err := s.RoutingLabels(ctx, 10)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(labels) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("got %d labels, want 1", len(labels))
+	}
+	l := labels[0]
+	if l.Utterance != "поужинал" || l.Was != "query" || l.ShouldBe != "fact" {
+		t.Errorf("label %+v: the pair is what names the confusion", l)
+	}
+	if l.EncoderID != "e5-small" {
+		t.Errorf("encoder_id %q: a fitted distance means nothing without the body", l.EncoderID)
+	}
+	// The trace is stamped too, so the same turn cannot be corrected twice into
+	// two labels without the surface knowing.
+	traces, err := s.RecentRoutingTraces(ctx, 10)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if traces[0].Correction != "fact" {
+		t.Errorf("trace correction %q, want fact", traces[0].Correction)
+	}
+}
+
+// "Wrong, and I am not telling you what it was" is the cheap half of the
+// gesture, and it must not cost more than the full answer.
+func TestCorrectTurnWithNoTarget(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestStore(t)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	now := time.Date(2026, 8, 6, 12, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	id := seedTrace(t, s, "закрывай", "act", now)
+
+	if err := s.CorrectTurn(ctx, id, "  ", now); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	labels, err := s.RoutingLabels(ctx, 10)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(labels) != 1 || labels[0].ShouldBe != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("labels %+v: an untargeted negative is still a label", labels)
+	}
+	traces, _ := s.RecentRoutingTraces(ctx, 10)
+	if traces[0].Correction != "wrong" {
+		t.Errorf("trace correction %q, want wrong", traces[0].Correction)
+	}
+}
+
+// His second answer is the one he meant, so a re-correction replaces.
+func TestCorrectTurnTwiceReplaces(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestStore(t)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	now := time.Date(2026, 8, 6, 12, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	first := seedTrace(t, s, "поужинал", "query", now)
+	second := seedTrace(t, s, "поужинал", "chat", now.Add(time.Minute))
+
+	if err := s.CorrectTurn(ctx, first, "note", now); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := s.CorrectTurn(ctx, second, "fact", now.Add(time.Minute)); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	labels, err := s.RoutingLabels(ctx, 10)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(labels) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("got %d labels for one sentence, want 1", len(labels))
+	}
+	if labels[0].ShouldBe != "fact" || labels[0].Was != "chat" {
+		t.Errorf("label %+v, want the second correction", labels[0])
+	}
+}
+
+// A turn past the 14-day bound cannot be corrected, and the surface has to be
+// able to say that rather than report a broken database.
+func TestCorrectTurnUnknownTrace(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestStore(t)
+	err := s.CorrectTurn(context.Background(), 999, "fact", time.Now())
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrNoSuchTrace) {
+		t.Fatalf("err %v, want ErrNoSuchTrace", err)
+	}
+	labels, _ := s.RoutingLabels(context.Background(), 10)
+	if len(labels) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("wrote %d labels for a trace that does not exist", len(labels))
+	}
+}