Do not exempt Russian words that are both noun and verb

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01CGeSZxh1DCtRxmFVSYVGvJ

PHRASING-EVAL-31-07-2026.md

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+# Phrasing evaluation — 31-07-2026
+
+How Maven words a nudge, measured instead of argued. Counterpart to
+`ROUTING-EVAL-31-07-2026.md`.
+
+- Fixture + scorer: `internal/phraser/eval/` (`nudges_v1.json`, 15 cases; `eval.go`, `checks.go`)
+- Reproduce: `MAVEN_LLM_URL=http://127.0.0.1:18099 make eval-phrasing`
+- Model: Qwen3.5-0.8B Q4_K_M, the resident model. Not swapped.
+- Commit: `a40bc55` (prompt fix)
+
+Every check is a string or length test a human can read and disagree with. No model
+grades another model here.
+
+## Result
+
+| | before | after |
+|---|---|---|
+| **cases passing every check** | **0/15** | **13/15** |
+| mood in enum | 6/15 | 15/15 |
+| Russian | 2/15 | 14/15 |
+| length (≤120 chars, ≤16 words) | 13/15 | 15/15 |
+| feminine self-reference | 15/15 | 15/15 |
+| no cringe | 13/15 | 15/15 |
+| on topic | 6/15 | 13/15 |
+| p50 latency | 11.4s | 11.4s |
+
+Latency did not move and is not good. 11s to word one nudge on this box.
+
+## The bug reproduced
+
+Yes, exactly as reported. 7 of 15 messages were the literal string `"..."`, and one was
+`"full voice message"`. Both are text copied straight out of the prompt.
+
+The system prompt said:
+
+```
+Respond ONLY with valid JSON: {"response": "full voice message", "mood": "neutral"}
+```
+
+and the user prompt said:
+
+```
+Respond as JSON: {"response": "...", "mood": "..."}
+```
+
+A 0.8B does not read `"..."` as "put your answer here". It reads it as the answer. The
+prompt was a worked example whose worked part was blank, so the model filled the slot by
+copying. This is the whole of finding 1.
+
+## What else was wrong
+
+Four separate faults, all prompt-side:
+
+1. **Placeholder echo** (7 cases) — above.
+2. **Wrong language** (13/15 failed the language check). The prompt was entirely English
+   and said "in the user's language (Russian or English)". The model picked English. It is
+   never English: the nudge is spoken by a Russian piper voice.
+3. **Rule names are English identifiers.** `netdata_critical`, `service_down`, `break` went
+   into the prompt raw. The model cannot nudge about a topic it has not been told in words,
+   so 9/15 were off topic. The daemon knows what its own rules mean; now it says so.
+4. **Mood invented** (`"warm"`, twice). The enum was listed in a parenthesis at the end of
+   an English sentence. Now it is its own line: "ровно одно из: neutral, happy, thinking,
+   tired, confused."
+
+Plus two non-prompt faults the run exposed:
+
+- **The no-parse fallback was English.** When the model returned nothing usable, the body
+  became `fmt.Sprintf("%s — %s", rule, sev)` — `"water — care"` — and that string went to
+  a Russian TTS. Now it falls back to plain Russian.
+- **Durations were English.** `humanDur` returns "3 hours"; it was landing verbatim inside
+  Russian sentences. Nudges now use a Russian formatter.
+
+## Three iterations, and what each taught
+
+| | score | change |
+|---|---|---|
+| baseline | 0/15 | — |
+| iter 1 | 2/15 | Russian prompt, filled-in examples, Russian durations |
+| iter 2 | 11/15 | required keyword per rule, one example instead of five, Russian fallback |
+| iter 3 | **13/15** | examples moved to topics that are not rules |
+
+The interesting step is 1 → 2. Fixing the placeholder did not fix the disease, it moved it:
+the model stopped copying `"..."` and started copying my first example instead. Five nudges
+in a row came back as `"Ты не пил воду три часа. Налей стакан."` regardless of the rule.
+
+**A small model copies the nearest concrete text in its prompt.** That is one failure mode
+with two symptoms. The fix that stuck was making the examples about laundry and a laptop
+battery — topics no rule ever produces, so copying them is visible in the score rather than
+invisibly passing the water cases.
+
+## Do not oversell 13/15
+
+Seven of the thirteen passes are the **deterministic fallback**, not the model:
+`"Напоминаю: таблетки."`, `"Сервис не отвечает."`, `"Критический алярм: проверь диск."`,
+`"Ты давно не пил воду."`. Those are strings this commit added to Go. The model returned
+nothing parseable and the fallback scored.
+
+So the honest reading is roughly **6/15 from the model, 7/15 from a fallback, 2/15 failing**.
+The prompt fix is real — `"..."` is nearly gone and the language and mood checks are clean —
+but a large part of the jump is that failure now degrades into Russian instead of into
+`"water — care"`. That is a genuine improvement for the operator and a weak one for the model.
+
+The two remaining failures: one `"..."` recurrence (`routine-stretch`) and one meal nudge
+that never says food.
+
+## Broken, found, not fixed
+
+1. ~~**`checkFeminine` only catches half the constraint.**~~ **Fixed** (#381). It scanned for
+   masculine self-reference only, so three messages that addressed the *owner* in the feminine
+   ("ты давно не отдыхал**а**") scored clean. There is now a second check, `hisgender`: a
+   feminine past-tense verb (-ла/-лась) in a sentence addressed to him ("ты", "тебе", "твой")
+   fails, unless the verb is hers ("я заметила", "напомнила тебе"). It is a suffix rule, not a
+   parser — see the comment in `checks.go` for what it misses. A fresh 15-case run after adding
+   it scored **12/15** with `hisgender` 15/15; the model did not repeat the feminine address in
+   that sample, and the check is pinned by unit tests on the recorded bad strings instead.
+2. **Grammar is not checked at all, and it is bad.** `"Он не ел 11 дней"` (it was 11 hours),
+   `"Сонуждились 7 дней"` (not a word), `"Они забыли воду"` (wrong person entirely). Every
+   one of these passes all six checks. The fixture measures properties, not fluency, and at
+   0.8B fluency is the binding constraint.
+3. **Unit confusion.** The model turns hours into days about a third of the time. The
+   prompt now says "11 ч"; it reads it as days.
+4. **11s p50.** Unchanged and untouched here. A nudge the model takes eleven seconds to
+   word has missed its moment. Worth its own task.
+5. **The keyword hint is close to teaching to the test.** `ruleKeywords` names the word the
+   on-topic check looks for. It is defensible — the daemon genuinely knows its rule topics
+   and the model genuinely cannot infer them from `netdata_critical` — but the on-topic
+   number is softer than the others because of it.
+
+## Next steps
+
+1. ~~**Add a second-person gender check**~~ — done, `hisgender` in `checks.go` (#381).
+2. **Decide whether the fallback should count as a pass.** Right now `Score` cannot tell a
+   model answer from a fallback. Either mark fallback bodies in `PhrasedNudge` or count them
+   in their own column. Without that, any future prompt change can score well by failing
+   more.
+3. **Attack the 11s.** Nudge phrasing is short and non-interactive; thinking off is the first
+   thing to try, as it was for routing (#376).
+4. **Re-measure when #122 lands.** The CPT'd Qwen3-1.7B is the target. 13/15 with seven
+   fallbacks is the floor it has to beat, and the fluency problems above are the ones a
+   bigger, Russian-trained checkpoint should actually fix.

cmd/mavend/clarify.go

@@ -40,9 +40,44 @@ var clarifyQuestions = map[dialogue.Slot]string{
 	dialogue.SlotFn:   "Что сделать?",
 }
 
-// clarifyDropped — she asked once, the answer still did not fill the gap, so
-// the request is gone. Said plainly, once, with no second question.
-const clarifyDropped = "Не разобрала — скажи целиком, пожалуйста."
+// clarifyGaveUp — she is out of questions and still does not have the slot. She
+// says so out loud: dropping the request in silence would leave him thinking it
+// landed. Feminine self-reference ("поняла"), as everywhere.
+const clarifyGaveUp = "Прости, я не поняла. Скажи, пожалуйста, по-другому."
+
+// clarifyExpired — his answer came after the TTL, so the parked request is
+// already gone. Same tone as clarifyGaveUp, different reason: too much time
+// passed, not "I did not understand". Feminine self-reference ("ждала",
+// "отпустила"); he is addressed with a plain imperative.
+const clarifyExpired = "Прости, я слишком долго ждала ответа и отпустила прошлую просьбу. Если она ещё нужна, скажи заново."
+
+// clarifyExpiredNotice returns that line when a parked question had just timed
+// out, and "" when nothing was parked. Call it right after
+// resolveClarifyAnswer: a live question is answered there, an expired one is
+// only reported here — the words themselves still go on to be routed fresh.
+func (h *reactiveHandler) clarifyExpiredNotice() string {
+	if h.clarifyStore == nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	if !h.clarifyStore.TakeExpired(voiceDialogueID, h.now()) {
+		return ""
+	}
+	log.Printf("voice: clarify — parked question expired, telling him and routing the words fresh")
+	return clarifyExpired
+}
+
+// withNotice glues the expiry notice in front of this turn's reply. One turn
+// carries one reply on the wire, so the notice cannot be a message of its own —
+// but neither the notice nor the fresh answer may be dropped.
+func withNotice(notice, reply string) string {
+	if notice == "" {
+		return reply
+	}
+	if reply == "" {
+		return notice
+	}
+	return notice + " " + reply
+}
 
 // missingFor returns the slots a decision still needs, most important first.
 // Empty ⇒ there is nothing identifiable to ask about.
@@ -79,13 +114,14 @@ func (h *reactiveHandler) askClarify(dec router.Decision) (string, bool) {
 		return "", false
 	}
 	h.clarifyStore.Put(voiceDialogueID, &dialogue.PendingQuestion{
-		Intent:    dialogue.Intent(dec.Intent),
-		Slots:     toDialogueSlots(dec.Slots),
-		Missing:   []dialogue.Slot{slot},
-		Utterance: dec.Utterance,
-		Asked:     h.now(),
-		TTL:       clarifyTTL,
-		Attempts:  1, // asked once; MaxAttempts is 1, so there is no second ask
+		Intent:      dialogue.Intent(dec.Intent),
+		Slots:       toDialogueSlots(dec.Slots),
+		Missing:     []dialogue.Slot{slot},
+		Utterance:   dec.Utterance,
+		Asked:       h.now(),
+		TTL:         clarifyTTL,
+		Attempts:    1, // this ask
+		MaxAttempts: h.clarifyMaxAttempts,
 	})
 	log.Printf("voice: clarify — asked about %s for intent=%s", slot, dec.Intent)
 	return question, true
@@ -97,8 +133,9 @@ func (h *reactiveHandler) askClarify(dec router.Decision) (string, bool) {
 // resolveConfirm and checked in the same place.
 //
 // The answer is parsed with the same extractor the router uses, for the intent
-// she parked — no second parser. If it still does not fill the gap the request
-// is dropped: she does not ask again.
+// she parked — no second parser. If it still does not fill the gap she asks
+// again, up to MaxAttempts; after that she says out loud that she did not
+// understand. She never drops the request in silence.
 func (h *reactiveHandler) resolveClarifyAnswer(ctx context.Context, text string) (string, bool) {
 	if h.clarifyStore == nil {
 		return "", false
@@ -107,17 +144,14 @@ func (h *reactiveHandler) resolveClarifyAnswer(ctx context.Context, text string)
 	if q == nil {
 		return "", false
 	}
-	// One shot either way: the question is consumed whether or not the answer
-	// works, so a failed answer can't leave the question armed.
-	h.clarifyStore.Delete(voiceDialogueID)
 
 	intent := router.Intent(q.Intent)
 	answer := h.extractor.Extract(ctx, intent, text, h.now())
 	merged := q.Answer(text, toDialogueSlots(answer))
 	if len(dialogue.StillMissing(q.Missing, merged)) > 0 {
-		log.Printf("voice: clarify — answer %q did not fill %v, dropping", text, q.Missing)
-		return clarifyDropped, true
+		return h.reaskOrGiveUp(q, merged, text), true
 	}
+	h.clarifyStore.Delete(voiceDialogueID)
 
 	// Rebuild the decision as if it had routed cleanly, then run it down the
 	// normal path. Clarify is deliberately false and the intent is unchanged:
@@ -133,6 +167,29 @@ func (h *reactiveHandler) resolveClarifyAnswer(ctx context.Context, text string)
 	return h.finishClarified(ctx, dec), true
 }
 
+// reaskOrGiveUp handles an answer that left the gap open: ask the same question
+// again while she has attempts left, otherwise say she did not understand and
+// let the request go. Never returns "" — a mute give-up reads as "done".
+func (h *reactiveHandler) reaskOrGiveUp(q *dialogue.PendingQuestion, merged dialogue.Slots, text string) string {
+	question := ""
+	if len(q.Missing) > 0 {
+		question = clarifyQuestions[q.Missing[0]]
+	}
+	if question == "" || !q.CanAsk() {
+		h.clarifyStore.Delete(voiceDialogueID)
+		log.Printf("voice: clarify — gave up on %v after %d question(s), answer was %q", q.Missing, q.Attempts, text)
+		return clarifyGaveUp
+	}
+	// Re-park with whatever the answer DID give, the clock restarted and one
+	// more question spent.
+	q.Slots = merged
+	q.Attempts++
+	q.Asked = h.now()
+	h.clarifyStore.Put(voiceDialogueID, q)
+	log.Printf("voice: clarify — answer %q did not fill %v, asking again (attempt %d)", text, q.Missing, q.Attempts)
+	return question
+}
+
 // finishClarified runs a completed decision through the same steps a freshly
 // routed one takes: remember the turn, act, then phrase.
 func (h *reactiveHandler) finishClarified(ctx context.Context, dec router.Decision) string {
@@ -146,6 +203,10 @@ func (h *reactiveHandler) finishClarified(ctx context.Context, dec router.Decisi
 	if reply == "" {
 		reply = h.replier.Reply(dec)
 	}
+	if reply == "" {
+		// Belt: an empty reply here would be a silent drop.
+		reply = clarifyGaveUp
+	}
 	return reply
 }
 

cmd/mavend/clarify_test.go

@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ func TestClarifyReminderCompletesOnAnswer(t *testing.T) {
 	if !handled {
 		t.Fatal("the answer to an open question must be consumed as an answer")
 	}
-	if reply == clarifyDropped {
+	if reply == clarifyGaveUp {
 		t.Fatalf("a good answer must not drop the request: %q", reply)
 	}
 
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ func TestClarifyFactCompletesOnAnswer(t *testing.T) {
 	if _, asked := h.askClarify(clarifyDec(router.IntentFact, router.Slots{Text: "запиши"}, "запиши")); !asked {
 		t.Fatal("a fact with no key should be asked about")
 	}
-	if reply, handled := h.resolveClarifyAnswer(ctx, "пил воду"); !handled || reply == clarifyDropped {
+	if reply, handled := h.resolveClarifyAnswer(ctx, "пил воду"); !handled || reply == clarifyGaveUp {
 		t.Fatalf("answer should complete the fact, handled=%v reply=%q", handled, reply)
 	}
 	if fact, err := st.LatestFact(ctx, "water"); err != nil || fact.Key != "water" {
@@ -137,26 +137,87 @@ func TestClarifyAnswerAfterTTLIsANewRequest(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-// TestClarifyUnclearAnswerDropsWithoutAskingAgain — MaxAttempts is 1.
-func TestClarifyUnclearAnswerDropsWithoutAskingAgain(t *testing.T) {
+// TestClarifyAsksThreeTimesThenSaysSo — three questions are allowed, the fourth
+// is not, and running out is SPOKEN. Silence would read as "handled".
+func TestClarifyAsksThreeTimesThenSaysSo(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	h, st, _ := newClarifyHandler(t)
 
 	if _, asked := h.askClarify(clarifyDec(router.IntentReminder, router.Slots{Text: "напомни"}, "напомни")); !asked {
-		t.Fatal("expected a question")
+		t.Fatal("expected a first question")
 	}
+	// Two more unclear answers ⇒ two more questions (3 asks in total).
+	for i := 2; i <= 3; i++ {
+		reply, handled := h.resolveClarifyAnswer(ctx, "ну не знаю")
+		if !handled {
+			t.Fatalf("answer %d must be consumed as an answer", i)
+		}
+		if reply != "На когда напомнить?" {
+			t.Fatalf("attempt %d should ask again, got %q", i, reply)
+		}
+		if h.clarifyStore.Get(voiceDialogueID, h.now()) == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("attempt %d must leave the question armed", i)
+		}
+	}
+
 	reply, handled := h.resolveClarifyAnswer(ctx, "ну не знаю")
-	if !handled || reply != clarifyDropped {
-		t.Fatalf("an unclear answer should drop the request, handled=%v reply=%q", handled, reply)
+	if !handled || reply != clarifyGaveUp {
+		t.Fatalf("the fourth try must give up out loud, handled=%v reply=%q", handled, reply)
 	}
-	if strings.Contains(reply, "?") {
-		t.Fatalf("she must not ask a second question: %q", reply)
+	if reply == "" || strings.Contains(reply, "?") {
+		t.Fatalf("giving up must be spoken and must not be another question: %q", reply)
 	}
 	if h.clarifyStore.Get(voiceDialogueID, h.now()) != nil {
-		t.Fatal("a dropped request must leave no armed question")
+		t.Fatal("a given-up request must leave no armed question")
 	}
 	if reminders, err := st.DueReminders(ctx, h.now().Add(48*time.Hour)); err != nil || len(reminders) != 0 {
-		t.Fatalf("a dropped request must not create anything: reminders=%v err=%v", reminders, err)
+		t.Fatalf("a given-up request must not create anything: reminders=%v err=%v", reminders, err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestClarifyMaxAttemptsIsConfigurable — one question when the config says one.
+func TestClarifyMaxAttemptsIsConfigurable(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	h, _, _ := newClarifyHandler(t)
+	h.clarifyMaxAttempts = 1
+
+	if _, asked := h.askClarify(clarifyDec(router.IntentReminder, router.Slots{Text: "напомни"}, "напомни")); !asked {
+		t.Fatal("expected a question")
+	}
+	if reply, handled := h.resolveClarifyAnswer(ctx, "ну не знаю"); !handled || reply != clarifyGaveUp {
+		t.Fatalf("with max 1 she must give up at once, handled=%v reply=%q", handled, reply)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestClarifyRestatedAnswerWins — «в 11:00», then «нет, в 15:00». The second
+// value is the one that lands.
+func TestClarifyRestatedAnswerWins(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	h, st, _ := newClarifyHandler(t)
+
+	if _, asked := h.askClarify(clarifyDec(router.IntentReminder, router.Slots{Text: "напомни позвонить маме"}, "напомни позвонить маме")); !asked {
+		t.Fatal("expected a question")
+	}
+	// First answer parses, but re-park it by hand as if she had asked again:
+	// what matters here is that Answer prefers the newer value over the parked
+	// one, which is the case the daemon hits on a re-ask.
+	q := h.clarifyStore.Get(voiceDialogueID, h.now())
+	if q == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected an armed question")
+	}
+	first := h.extractor.Extract(ctx, router.IntentReminder, "в 11:00", h.now())
+	q.Slots = q.Answer("в 11:00", toDialogueSlots(first))
+
+	if reply, handled := h.resolveClarifyAnswer(ctx, "нет, в 15:00"); !handled || reply == clarifyGaveUp {
+		t.Fatalf("the restated answer should complete the request, handled=%v reply=%q", handled, reply)
+	}
+	reminders, err := st.DueReminders(ctx, h.now().Add(48*time.Hour))
+	if err != nil || len(reminders) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected one reminder: %v err=%v", reminders, err)
+	}
+	want := h.extractor.Extract(ctx, router.IntentReminder, "в 15:00", h.now())
+	if !reminders[0].FireTs.Equal(want.Time) {
+		t.Fatalf("reminder at %v, want the restated %v", reminders[0].FireTs, want.Time)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -228,6 +289,36 @@ func TestNoQuestionWhenNothingIsMissing(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestClarifyExpiryIsAnnouncedAndWordsStillRoute — his answer lands after the
+// TTL: she must say the old request is gone AND still answer the new words.
+func TestClarifyExpiryIsAnnouncedAndWordsStillRoute(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	h, _, now := newClarifyHandler(t)
+	emb := router.NewHashEmbedder(1024)
+	h.embedder = emb
+	h.router = buildRouter(emb, h.matcher, 0.55, nil)
+
+	if _, asked := h.askClarify(clarifyDec(router.IntentReminder, router.Slots{Text: "напомни"}, "напомни")); !asked {
+		t.Fatal("expected a question")
+	}
+	*now = now.Add(clarifyTTL + time.Second)
+
+	reply := h.handleText(ctx, "как дела")
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(reply, clarifyExpired) {
+		t.Fatalf("expired question must be announced first, got %q", reply)
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(strings.TrimPrefix(reply, clarifyExpired)) == "" {
+		t.Fatalf("the new words must still be answered, got only the notice: %q", reply)
+	}
+	if h.clarifyStore.Get(voiceDialogueID, h.now()) != nil {
+		t.Fatal("the expired question must be gone")
+	}
+	// The notice is said once, not on every later utterance.
+	if reply := h.handleText(ctx, "как дела"); strings.Contains(reply, clarifyExpired) {
+		t.Fatalf("notice repeated on a later turn: %q", reply)
+	}
+}
+
 // TestNoPendingQuestionFallsThrough — with nothing parked, an utterance routes
 // normally.
 func TestNoPendingQuestionFallsThrough(t *testing.T) {

cmd/mavend/replier_llm.go

@@ -29,7 +29,9 @@ func newLLMReplier(c completer) *llmReplier {
 	return &llmReplier{c: c, stub: voice.NewStubReplier()}
 }
 
-const replySystem = `Ты — Maven, домашняя ассистентка (о себе — в женском роде). Подтверди действие РОВНО ОДНИМ коротким предложением (≤120 символов), тепло и по-русски. Не задавай вопросов, не повторяй слова, не добавляй ничего после точки. Respond ONLY with valid JSON: {"response": "...", "mood": "neutral"}.`
+const replySystem = `Ты — Maven, домашняя ассистентка (о себе — в женском роде). Подтверди действие РОВНО ОДНИМ коротким предложением (≤120 символов), тепло и по-русски. Не задавай вопросов, не повторяй слова, не добавляй ничего после точки. Отвечай ТОЛЬКО одним объектом JSON с полями "response" (текст) и "mood" (ровно одно из: neutral, happy, thinking, tired, confused).
+Пример: {"response": "Записала, что ты выпил стакан воды.", "mood": "neutral"}
+Никогда не пиши "..." в поле response.`
 
 func (r *llmReplier) Reply(d router.Decision) string {
 	if d.Clarify {

cmd/mavend/voice.go

@@ -255,11 +255,13 @@ func wireVoice(cfg *config.Config, coreAPI ipc.CoreAPI, phr phraser.Phraser, mem
 		dataStore:        dataStore,
 		dialogueSessions: dialogueSessions,
 		clarifyStore:     clarifyStore,
-		extractor:        router.Extractor{Time: timeParser, Acts: matcher, Facts: router.DefaultFactParser{}},
-		queryMinScore:    cfg.Voice.QueryMinScore,
-		queryMinMargin:   cfg.Voice.QueryMinMargin,
-		timeParser:       timeParser,
-		ecosystem:        eco,
+		// 0 here (unset config) ⇒ the dialogue default.
+		clarifyMaxAttempts: cfg.Voice.ClarifyMaxAttempts,
+		extractor:          router.Extractor{Time: timeParser, Acts: matcher, Facts: router.DefaultFactParser{}},
+		queryMinScore:      cfg.Voice.QueryMinScore,
+		queryMinMargin:     cfg.Voice.QueryMinMargin,
+		timeParser:         timeParser,
+		ecosystem:          eco,
 	}
 
 	// ----- the server (TCP listener) -----
@@ -318,6 +320,10 @@ type reactiveHandler struct {
 	// clarify.go). nil ⇒ she falls back to the canned "не поняла" reply.
 	clarifyStore *dialogue.ClarifyStore
 
+	// clarifyMaxAttempts — questions per request before she gives up out loud.
+	// 0 ⇒ dialogue.DefaultMaxAttempts (3). Set from VoiceConfig.
+	clarifyMaxAttempts int
+
 	// extractor parses the answer to an open question, with the same parsers
 	// the router's own stage-2 uses.
 	extractor router.Extractor
@@ -396,9 +402,17 @@ func (h *reactiveHandler) HandlePushToTalk(ctx context.Context, req voice.PushTo
 		return h.reply(ctx, reply, nil)
 	}
 
-	// 1b2. clarify answer — if she asked a question last turn, this utterance is
-	// its answer, not a fresh command. After the confirm check: a y/n gate is
-	// armed by her own prompt and is the narrower claim on the utterance.
+	// 1b2. expired clarify — a question was parked but its TTL ran out, so the
+	// request behind it is gone. Say that out loud (see clarify.go) and carry
+	// on: these words are still routed as a fresh utterance below, with the
+	// notice glued in front of whatever the fresh routing answers. Checked
+	// BEFORE the answer path: reading a parked question drops an expired one.
+	expiredNotice := h.clarifyExpiredNotice()
+
+	// 1b3. clarify answer — if she asked a live question last turn, this
+	// utterance is its answer, not a fresh command. After the confirm check: a
+	// y/n gate is armed by her own prompt and is the narrower claim on the
+	// utterance.
 	if reply, handled := h.resolveClarifyAnswer(ctx, text); handled {
 		return h.reply(ctx, reply, nil)
 	}
@@ -408,7 +422,7 @@ func (h *reactiveHandler) HandlePushToTalk(ctx context.Context, req voice.PushTo
 	// unreliably (it's a command, not a free-form query), so we match it
 	// before routing. Same pattern as the confirm turn above.
 	if reply, handled := h.resolveQuietToggle(ctx, text); handled {
-		return h.reply(ctx, reply, nil)
+		return h.reply(ctx, withNotice(expiredNotice, reply), nil)
 	}
 
 	// 2. router — classify the utterance.
@@ -417,10 +431,10 @@ func (h *reactiveHandler) HandlePushToTalk(ctx context.Context, req voice.PushTo
 		// ErrNoIntents ⇒ classifier unseeded (cold boot). reply with a
 		// "still warming up" rather than a wire error.
 		if errors.Is(err, router.ErrNoIntents) {
-			return h.reply(ctx, "я ещё не понимаю свободную речь — скоро научусь.", nil)
+			return h.reply(ctx, withNotice(expiredNotice, "я ещё не понимаю свободную речь — скоро научусь."), nil)
 		}
 		log.Printf("voice: router error: %v", err)
-		return h.reply(ctx, "не получилось разобрать команду.", nil)
+		return h.reply(ctx, withNotice(expiredNotice, "не получилось разобрать команду."), nil)
 	}
 
 	// 2b. dialogue — fill this turn's missing slots from a prior same-intent
@@ -441,7 +455,7 @@ func (h *reactiveHandler) HandlePushToTalk(ctx context.Context, req voice.PushTo
 	// stands.
 	if dec.Clarify {
 		if question, asked := h.askClarify(dec); asked {
-			return h.reply(ctx, question, nil)
+			return h.reply(ctx, withNotice(expiredNotice, question), nil)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -457,7 +471,7 @@ func (h *reactiveHandler) HandlePushToTalk(ctx context.Context, req voice.PushTo
 
 	// 5. tts — synthesise the reply text; return to the voice server which
 	// ships it back on the conn.
-	return h.reply(ctx, replyText, nil)
+	return h.reply(ctx, withNotice(expiredNotice, replyText), nil)
 }
 
 // handleText — the core reactive path without stt/tts: confirm check →
@@ -472,7 +486,9 @@ func (h *reactiveHandler) handleText(ctx context.Context, text string) string {
 		return reply
 	}
 
-	// 1b2. clarify answer — same check as HandlePushToTalk.
+	// 1b2/1b3. expired clarify then clarify answer — same order and reasons as
+	// HandlePushToTalk.
+	expiredNotice := h.clarifyExpiredNotice()
 	if reply, handled := h.resolveClarifyAnswer(ctx, text); handled {
 		return reply
 	}
@@ -481,10 +497,10 @@ func (h *reactiveHandler) handleText(ctx context.Context, text string) string {
 	dec, err := h.router.Route(ctx, text, h.now())
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, router.ErrNoIntents) {
-			return "я ещё не понимаю свободную речь — скоро научусь."
+			return withNotice(expiredNotice, "я ещё не понимаю свободную речь — скоро научусь.")
 		}
 		log.Printf("voice: handleText router error: %v", err)
-		return "не получилось разобрать команду."
+		return withNotice(expiredNotice, "не получилось разобрать команду.")
 	}
 	log.Printf("voice: route result: intent=%s slots=%+v", dec.Intent, dec.Slots)
 
@@ -501,7 +517,7 @@ func (h *reactiveHandler) handleText(ctx context.Context, text string) string {
 	// 2c. clarify — same as HandlePushToTalk: ask about the one missing thing.
 	if dec.Clarify {
 		if question, asked := h.askClarify(dec); asked {
-			return question
+			return withNotice(expiredNotice, question)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -513,7 +529,7 @@ func (h *reactiveHandler) handleText(ctx context.Context, text string) string {
 	if replyText == "" {
 		replyText = h.replier.Reply(dec)
 	}
-	return replyText
+	return withNotice(expiredNotice, replyText)
 }
 
 // applyAction — executes the router's Decision. Intent-by-intent:

deploy/mavend.json

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
     "llm_router": true,
     "query_min_score": 0.55,
     "query_min_margin": 0.008,
+    "clarify_max_attempts": 3,
     "tool_timeout": "30s",
     "tools": [
       { "name": "status",     "cmd": ["systemctl", "status"],         "scope": "homelab", "destructive": false },

internal/config/config.go

@@ -292,6 +292,10 @@ type VoiceConfig struct {
 	// Negative ⇒ off. 0 ⇒ the default below.
 	QueryMinMargin float64 `json:"query_min_margin,omitempty"`
 
+	// ClarifyMaxAttempts — how many clarifying questions she may ask about one
+	// request before she gives up and says she did not understand. Default 3.
+	ClarifyMaxAttempts int `json:"clarify_max_attempts,omitempty"`
+
 	// Persona — optional prompt prefix that tunes maven's character. Prepended
 	// to every LLM system prompt (nudge phrasing, note queries, general
 	// knowledge). Empty string ⇒ current hardcoded persona (feminine-gendered
@@ -424,7 +428,9 @@ const (
 	// false recall from 5/5 to 1/5. Every larger delta costs real recall
 	// without removing that last one until 0.020, which drops recall to 44%.
 	DefaultQueryMinMargin = 0.008
-	DefaultToolTimeout    = 30 * time.Second
+	// DefaultClarifyMaxAttempts — see dialogue.DefaultMaxAttempts.
+	DefaultClarifyMaxAttempts = 3
+	DefaultToolTimeout        = 30 * time.Second
 	// DefaultLLMRouter — route with the resident model unless told otherwise.
 	DefaultLLMRouter = true
 
@@ -516,6 +522,9 @@ func (c *Config) applyDefaults() {
 		case c.Voice.QueryMinMargin < 0:
 			c.Voice.QueryMinMargin = 0
 		}
+		if c.Voice.ClarifyMaxAttempts <= 0 {
+			c.Voice.ClarifyMaxAttempts = DefaultClarifyMaxAttempts
+		}
 		if c.Voice.ToolTimeout <= 0 {
 			c.Voice.ToolTimeout = Duration(DefaultToolTimeout)
 		}

internal/dialogue/clarify.go

@@ -17,10 +17,11 @@ const (
 	SlotText  Slot = "text"  // Slots.Text
 )
 
-// MaxAttempts is 1 because Maven is not a nag (DESIGN.md § Non-goals). She asks
-// one clarifying question. If the answer still leaves the slot empty she drops
-// the request instead of asking again.
-const MaxAttempts = 1
+// DefaultMaxAttempts — how many questions she may ask about one request.
+// Three, because after three tries the likely problem is that she misheard the
+// whole request, not one slot — so another question about that slot won't help.
+// Configurable: voice.clarify_max_attempts.
+const DefaultMaxAttempts = 3
 
 // PendingQuestion is what Maven holds while she waits for an answer to an open
 // question. Unlike the yes/no confirms in cmd/mavend/voice.go, the answer here
@@ -32,7 +33,17 @@ type PendingQuestion struct {
 	Utterance string // the user's original raw words
 	Asked     time.Time
 	TTL       time.Duration
-	Attempts  int // questions already asked; capped by MaxAttempts
+	Attempts  int // questions already asked
+	// MaxAttempts caps Attempts. 0 ⇒ DefaultMaxAttempts.
+	MaxAttempts int
+}
+
+// maxAttempts is MaxAttempts with the default filled in.
+func (q *PendingQuestion) maxAttempts() int {
+	if q.MaxAttempts <= 0 {
+		return DefaultMaxAttempts
+	}
+	return q.MaxAttempts
 }
 
 func (q *PendingQuestion) IsExpired(now time.Time) bool {
@@ -41,12 +52,9 @@ func (q *PendingQuestion) IsExpired(now time.Time) bool {
 
 // CanAsk reports whether Maven may ask another question about this request.
 func (q *PendingQuestion) CanAsk() bool {
-	return q.Attempts < MaxAttempts
+	return q.Attempts < q.maxAttempts()
 }
 
-// TODO: the daemon will phrase the question text from Missing (one short ru
-// question per Slot, feminine self-reference) and speak it here.
-
 // ClarifyStore holds the parked questions. Same shape and locking as
 // SessionStore: keyed by dialogue id, expired entries dropped on read.
 type ClarifyStore struct {
@@ -67,8 +75,7 @@ func NewClarifyStore(defaultTTL time.Duration) *ClarifyStore {
 	}
 }
 
-// TODO: the daemon will Put a question here when Decision.Clarify fires, in
-// place of the flat "не разобрала" reply (cmd/mavend/voice.go).
+// Put parks a question. Called on a clarify decision (cmd/mavend/clarify.go).
 func (s *ClarifyStore) Put(id string, q *PendingQuestion) {
 	if q.TTL <= 0 {
 		q.TTL = s.defaultTTL
@@ -78,8 +85,7 @@ func (s *ClarifyStore) Put(id string, q *PendingQuestion) {
 	s.mu.Unlock()
 }
 
-// TODO: the daemon will Get on the next turn, parse that turn into Slots, call
-// Answer, and Delete — the open-question twin of resolveConfirm.
+// Get returns the live parked question, or nil when there is none.
 func (s *ClarifyStore) Get(id string, now time.Time) *PendingQuestion {
 	s.mu.RLock()
 	q, ok := s.questions[id]
@@ -94,6 +100,21 @@ func (s *ClarifyStore) Get(id string, now time.Time) *PendingQuestion {
 	return q
 }
 
+// TakeExpired reports whether a question was parked here but its TTL ran out,
+// and drops it. Get drops such a question silently, which leaves the user
+// thinking his request is still alive — the caller uses this to tell him it is
+// gone before treating his words as a fresh utterance.
+func (s *ClarifyStore) TakeExpired(id string, now time.Time) bool {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+	q, ok := s.questions[id]
+	if !ok || !q.IsExpired(now) {
+		return false
+	}
+	delete(s.questions, id)
+	return true
+}
+
 func (s *ClarifyStore) Delete(id string) {
 	s.mu.Lock()
 	delete(s.questions, id)
@@ -101,44 +122,45 @@ func (s *ClarifyStore) Delete(id string) {
 }
 
 // Answer merges the slots parsed from the user's answer into the parked ones.
-// Only the slots listed in Missing are filled, and an already filled slot is
-// never overwritten — the answer completes the original request, it does not
-// restate it. Parsing the answer text into `answer` is the caller's job; this
-// package must stay free of internal/router.
+// Only the slots listed in Missing are touched. Within those, a value the answer
+// carries WINS over what was parked: she asked about this slot, so «нет, в пять»
+// after «в три» must replace the time, not be thrown away.
+//
+// This is the clarify answer only. A correction in a fresh turn ("вообще-то
+// перенеси на пять") is a different code path (followUpMerge) — not here.
+//
+// Parsing the answer text into `answer` is the caller's job; this package must
+// stay free of internal/router.
 func (q *PendingQuestion) Answer(text string, answer Slots) Slots {
 	out := q.Slots
 	for _, slot := range q.Missing {
 		switch slot {
 		case SlotTime:
-			if !out.HasTime && answer.HasTime {
+			if answer.HasTime {
 				out.Time = answer.Time
 				out.HasTime = true
 			}
 		case SlotKey:
-			if !out.HasKey && answer.HasKey {
+			if answer.HasKey {
 				out.Key = answer.Key
 				out.HasKey = true
 			}
 		case SlotValue:
-			if out.Value == "" && answer.Value != "" {
+			if answer.Value != "" {
 				out.Value = answer.Value
 			}
 		case SlotFn:
-			if !out.HasFn && answer.HasFn {
+			if answer.HasFn {
 				out.Fn = answer.Fn
 				out.HasFn = true
-				if len(out.Args) == 0 {
-					out.Args = append([]string(nil), answer.Args...)
-				}
+				out.Args = append([]string(nil), answer.Args...)
 			}
 		case SlotText:
-			if out.Text == "" {
-				if answer.Text != "" {
-					out.Text = answer.Text
-				} else {
-					// No parse for a text slot — the raw answer IS the text.
-					out.Text = text
-				}
+			if answer.Text != "" {
+				out.Text = answer.Text
+			} else if out.Text == "" {
+				// No parse for a text slot — the raw answer IS the text.
+				out.Text = text
 			}
 		}
 	}

internal/dialogue/clarify_test.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package dialogue
 
 import (
+	"reflect"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 )
@@ -59,6 +60,28 @@ func TestClarifyStoreGetPutDelete(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestClarifyStoreTakeExpired — TakeExpired reports (and drops) only a question
+// whose TTL ran out.
+func TestClarifyStoreTakeExpired(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewClarifyStore(time.Minute)
+	if s.TakeExpired("voice", base) {
+		t.Fatal("nothing parked ⇒ nothing expired")
+	}
+	s.Put("voice", &PendingQuestion{Missing: []Slot{SlotTime}, Asked: base, TTL: time.Minute})
+	if s.TakeExpired("voice", base.Add(30*time.Second)) {
+		t.Fatal("a live question must not report as expired")
+	}
+	if s.Get("voice", base.Add(30*time.Second)) == nil {
+		t.Fatal("a live question must survive TakeExpired")
+	}
+	if !s.TakeExpired("voice", base.Add(2*time.Minute)) {
+		t.Fatal("a stale question must report as expired")
+	}
+	if s.TakeExpired("voice", base.Add(2*time.Minute)) {
+		t.Fatal("TakeExpired must drop the question, so the second call is false")
+	}
+}
+
 func TestNewClarifyStoreDefaultTTL(t *testing.T) {
 	s := NewClarifyStore(0)
 	q := &PendingQuestion{Asked: base}
@@ -89,12 +112,13 @@ func TestAnswerFillsOnlyMissingSlots(t *testing.T) {
 			want:    Slots{Text: "напомни позвонить", Time: answerTime, HasTime: true},
 		},
 		{
-			name:    "does not overwrite a filled time",
+			// He restated it: «нет, в пять». The new value wins.
+			name:    "a restated time overwrites the parked one",
 			parked:  Slots{Time: other, HasTime: true},
 			missing: []Slot{SlotTime},
-			text:    "в три",
+			text:    "нет, в три",
 			answer:  Slots{Time: answerTime, HasTime: true},
-			want:    Slots{Time: other, HasTime: true},
+			want:    Slots{Time: answerTime, HasTime: true},
 		},
 		{
 			name:    "ignores slots that were not missing",
@@ -121,12 +145,12 @@ func TestAnswerFillsOnlyMissingSlots(t *testing.T) {
 			want:    Slots{Fn: "restart", Args: []string{"nginx"}, HasFn: true},
 		},
 		{
-			name:    "keeps existing args when fn was already known",
+			name:    "a restated fn replaces the fn and its args",
 			parked:  Slots{Fn: "restart", Args: []string{"nginx"}, HasFn: true},
 			missing: []Slot{SlotFn},
 			text:    "останови postgres",
 			answer:  Slots{Fn: "stop", Args: []string{"postgres"}, HasFn: true},
-			want:    Slots{Fn: "restart", Args: []string{"nginx"}, HasFn: true},
+			want:    Slots{Fn: "stop", Args: []string{"postgres"}, HasFn: true},
 		},
 		{
 			name:    "raw answer becomes the text when nothing was parsed",
@@ -157,36 +181,34 @@ func TestAnswerFillsOnlyMissingSlots(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, tc := range cases {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			q := &PendingQuestion{Slots: tc.parked, Missing: tc.missing, Asked: base}
-			got := q.Answer(tc.text, tc.answer)
-			if got.Time != tc.want.Time || got.HasTime != tc.want.HasTime ||
-				got.Key != tc.want.Key || got.HasKey != tc.want.HasKey ||
-				got.Value != tc.want.Value || got.Text != tc.want.Text ||
-				got.Fn != tc.want.Fn || got.HasFn != tc.want.HasFn {
+			// Whole-struct compare: a new field in Slots is covered for free.
+			if got := q.Answer(tc.text, tc.answer); !reflect.DeepEqual(got, tc.want) {
 				t.Fatalf("Answer = %+v, want %+v", got, tc.want)
 			}
-			if len(got.Args) != len(tc.want.Args) {
-				t.Fatalf("Args = %v, want %v", got.Args, tc.want.Args)
-			}
-			for i := range got.Args {
-				if got.Args[i] != tc.want.Args[i] {
-					t.Fatalf("Args = %v, want %v", got.Args, tc.want.Args)
-				}
-			}
 		})
 	}
 }
 
-func TestCanAskCapsAtOneQuestion(t *testing.T) {
-	if MaxAttempts != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("MaxAttempts = %d, want 1 (Maven asks once, she is not a nag)", MaxAttempts)
+func TestCanAskAllowsThreeQuestionsByDefault(t *testing.T) {
+	if DefaultMaxAttempts != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("DefaultMaxAttempts = %d, want 3", DefaultMaxAttempts)
 	}
-	q := &PendingQuestion{Asked: base}
-	if !q.CanAsk() {
-		t.Fatal("a fresh question should be askable")
+	q := &PendingQuestion{Asked: base} // MaxAttempts unset ⇒ the default
+	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+		if !q.CanAsk() {
+			t.Fatalf("question %d should be allowed", i+1)
+		}
+		q.Attempts++
 	}
-	q.Attempts = MaxAttempts
 	if q.CanAsk() {
-		t.Fatal("the question should not be asked twice")
+		t.Fatal("a fourth question must not be allowed")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCanAskHonoursConfiguredMax(t *testing.T) {
+	q := &PendingQuestion{Asked: base, MaxAttempts: 1, Attempts: 1}
+	if q.CanAsk() {
+		t.Fatal("MaxAttempts 1 means one question only")
 	}
 }
 

internal/phraser/eval/checks.go

@@ -17,10 +17,14 @@ const (
 	CheckFeminine = "feminine" // her self-reference is feminine (hard constraint)
 	CheckCringe   = "cringe"   // DESIGN.md § Non-goals, "not a relationship"
 	CheckOnTopic  = "ontopic"  // says the thing the rule is about
+
+	// CheckHisGender — the other half of the persona rule: SHE is feminine, HE
+	// is male. "ты давно не отдыхала" addresses the operator as a woman.
+	CheckHisGender = "hisgender"
 )
 
 // CheckNames — report order.
-var CheckNames = []string{CheckMood, CheckLang, CheckLength, CheckFeminine, CheckCringe, CheckOnTopic}
+var CheckNames = []string{CheckMood, CheckLang, CheckLength, CheckFeminine, CheckHisGender, CheckCringe, CheckOnTopic}
 
 // Result — one check on one message.
 type Result struct {
@@ -52,6 +56,7 @@ func RunChecks(c Case, body, mood string) []Result {
 		checkLang(body),
 		checkLength(body),
 		checkFeminine(body),
+		checkHisGender(body),
 		checkCringe(body),
 		checkOnTopic(c, body),
 	}
@@ -176,6 +181,127 @@ func checkFeminine(body string) Result {
 	return Result{CheckFeminine, true, ""}
 }
 
+// --- he is male ----------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// The mirror of checkFeminine, and the failure it was written for: the model
+// wrote "ты давно не отдыхала", which addresses the operator as a woman. That
+// scored clean, because checkFeminine only ever looks at how SHE speaks about
+// herself.
+//
+// How it works: Russian past tense is gendered by suffix, -л (m) / -ла (f). So
+// this looks for feminine past-tense words in a sentence that also talks TO him
+// ("ты", "тебя", "тебе", "твой", …). A feminine verb that belongs to her ("я
+// заметила", "напомнила тебе") is skipped — that one is correct.
+//
+// Honest about the limits: this is a suffix rule, not a parser.
+//   - False positives: a feminine noun can be the subject in the same sentence
+//     ("зарядка была утром, ты её пропустил"). The guard below skips a verb whose
+//     previous word looks like a feminine noun, which helps but will not always
+//     be right.
+//   - False negatives: gender also shows up outside the past tense (short
+//     adjectives, "сама"), and none of that is checked here.
+//
+// That is acceptable for an eval check. It is a signal to read the message, not
+// a grammar verdict, and every hit prints the word it tripped on so a human can
+// disagree.
+
+// hisMarkers — words that mean the sentence is addressed to him.
+var hisMarkers = map[string]bool{
+	"ты": true, "тебя": true, "тебе": true, "тобой": true, "тобою": true,
+	"твой": true, "твоя": true, "твоё": true, "твое": true, "твои": true, "твою": true,
+}
+
+// notFeminineVerb — ordinary words ending in "-ла" that are not verbs. Small on
+// purpose: it only has to cover words a nudge might actually use.
+//
+// Words that are both a noun and a verb are deliberately NOT here. "села",
+// "мыла" and "стекла" are nouns on paper, but in a nudge they are almost always
+// verbs ("ты села", "ты мыла"), and listing them would make the check miss the
+// exact thing it is for. Missing a real hit is worse than one false alarm.
+var notFeminineVerb = map[string]bool{
+	"школа": true, "скала": true, "игла": true, "метла": true, "смола": true,
+	"дела": true, "тела": true, "масла": true, "весла": true,
+	"зола": true, "пчела": true, "числа": true,
+}
+
+// femininePast reports whether a word looks like a feminine past-tense verb:
+// "отдыхала", "поела", "выспалась".
+func femininePast(w string) bool {
+	if len([]rune(w)) < 3 || notFeminineVerb[w] {
+		return false
+	}
+	return strings.HasSuffix(w, "ла") || strings.HasSuffix(w, "лась")
+}
+
+// looksFeminineNoun — a crude guard against "зарядка была": a word right before
+// the verb that ends in "а"/"я" and is not itself a verb is probably the subject.
+func looksFeminineNoun(w string) bool {
+	if femininePast(w) || len([]rune(w)) < 3 {
+		return false
+	}
+	return strings.HasSuffix(w, "а") || strings.HasSuffix(w, "я")
+}
+
+// sentenceRE splits on sentence-ending punctuation, so a feminine verb in one
+// sentence is not blamed on a "ты" in the next.
+var sentenceRE = regexp.MustCompile(`[.!?;…]+`)
+
+func checkHisGender(body string) Result {
+	for _, sentence := range sentenceRE.Split(strings.ToLower(body), -1) {
+		words := wordRE.FindAllString(sentence, -1)
+		addressed := false
+		for _, w := range words {
+			if hisMarkers[w] {
+				addressed = true
+			}
+		}
+		if !addressed {
+			continue
+		}
+		for i, w := range words {
+			if !femininePast(w) || hersNotHis(words, i) {
+				continue
+			}
+			if i > 0 && looksFeminineNoun(prevWord(words, i)) {
+				continue
+			}
+			return Result{CheckHisGender, false,
+				fmt.Sprintf("feminine %q addressed to him — he is male", w)}
+		}
+	}
+	return Result{CheckHisGender, true, ""}
+}
+
+// hersNotHis — the verb is Maven's own if "я" comes shortly before it, or if the
+// thing she did was done to him ("напомнила тебе", "проверила за тебя").
+func hersNotHis(words []string, i int) bool {
+	for j := i - 1; j >= 0 && j >= i-3; j-- {
+		if words[j] == "я" {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	if i+1 < len(words) {
+		switch words[i+1] {
+		case "тебе", "тебя", "за", "тобой":
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// prevWord — the word before i, skipping "не" and punctuation, so "не отдыхала"
+// still sees the subject.
+func prevWord(words []string, i int) string {
+	for j := i - 1; j >= 0; j-- {
+		w := words[j]
+		if w == "не" || w == "ни" || !unicode.Is(unicode.Cyrillic, []rune(w)[0]) {
+			continue
+		}
+		return w
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
 // --- the cringe checks ---------------------------------------------------
 //
 // "Think Jarvis without the cringe part". DESIGN.md § Non-goals: "Not a

internal/phraser/eval/eval.go

@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ func (r Report) String() string {
 	fmt.Fprintf(&b, "%s: %d/%d cases pass every check (%.1f%%), %d errors\n",
 		r.Name, r.Passed, r.Total, 100*r.Accuracy(), r.Errors)
 	for _, name := range CheckNames {
-		fmt.Fprintf(&b, "  %-9s %d/%d\n", name, r.ByCheck[name], r.Total)
+		fmt.Fprintf(&b, "  %-10s %d/%d\n", name, r.ByCheck[name], r.Total)
 	}
 	fmt.Fprintf(&b, "  latency: p50 %s  p95 %s  max %s\n", r.P50, r.P95, r.Max)
 	fmt.Fprintf(&b, "  by rule: %s\n", renderStats(r.ByRule))

internal/phraser/eval/eval_test.go

@@ -72,10 +72,11 @@ func TestStubBaseline(t *testing.T) {
 		// ceiling ("you've been at your desk for 4 hours without a break — step
 		// away for a bit." is 76 chars but 16 words). Left failing rather than
 		// raising the ceiling to hide it.
-		CheckLength:   12,
-		CheckFeminine: 15,
-		CheckCringe:   15,
-		CheckOnTopic:  12,
+		CheckLength:    12,
+		CheckFeminine:  15,
+		CheckHisGender: 15,
+		CheckCringe:    15,
+		CheckOnTopic:   12,
 	}
 	for name, floor := range floors {
 		if rep.ByCheck[name] < floor {
@@ -104,6 +105,14 @@ func TestChecksCatchWhatTheyClaim(t *testing.T) {
 		{"masculine predicative", "я должен сказать: попей воды.", CheckFeminine},
 		// The other direction: HE is male, so second-person masculine is right.
 		{"second person masculine ok", "ты не пил воду четыре часа.", ""},
+		// The real observed failure: she addressed him as a woman.
+		{"feminine second person", "ты давно не отдыхала — попей воды.", CheckHisGender},
+		{"feminine second person no dash", "ты пила воду четыре часа назад.", CheckHisGender},
+		// Her own feminine verb next to "ты" is correct and must not be flagged.
+		{"her feminine verb near ты", "я заметила, что ты не пил воду.", ""},
+		{"her feminine verb about him", "напомнила тебе про воду.", ""},
+		// A feminine noun subject in the same sentence is not him.
+		{"feminine noun subject ok", "зарядка была утром, ты её пропустил, попей воды.", ""},
 		{"feminine self ok", "я заметила: воды не было четыре часа.", ""},
 		{"pet name", "милый, попей воды.", CheckCringe},
 		{"emoji", "попей воды 💧", CheckCringe},

internal/phraser/llmphraser.go

@@ -184,7 +184,10 @@ func (p *LLMPhraser) PhraseNudge(ctx context.Context, c loop.Candidate) (deliver
 		body, _ = parsePhrase(resp)
 	}
 	if body == "" {
-		body = fmt.Sprintf("%s — %s", c.Rule.Name, sevLabel(c.Severity))
+		// The model said nothing usable. Say it in Russian anyway — this text
+		// goes straight to a Russian piper voice, so the old "water — care"
+		// fallback was unspeakable.
+		body = fallbackNudge(c)
 	}
 	if mood == "" {
 		mood = "neutral"
@@ -428,8 +431,33 @@ func (p *LLMPhraser) chatWithSystem(ctx context.Context, system, user string, ma
 	return stripThink(content), nil
 }
 
+// nudgeSystem — the phrasing contract for nudges.
+//
+// Written as filled-in examples, not as a schema with "..." in it. A 0.8B
+// copies whatever sits in the response slot, so a literal placeholder there
+// teaches it to answer with the placeholder. Measured: 7/15 nudges came back
+// as "..." before this. See PHRASING-EVAL-31-07-2026.md.
+//
+// Russian only, feminine self-reference, second person masculine (the owner is
+// a man). One short sentence — the nudge is spoken aloud.
+const nudgeSystem = `Ты — Maven, домашняя ассистентка. О себе говоришь в женском роде ("я проверила", "я записала"). Владелец — мужчина, обращайся к нему в мужском роде ("ты пил", "ты забыл").
+
+Пиши ОДНО короткое напоминание по-русски: не больше 120 символов и не больше 16 слов. Только по делу.
+
+Запрещено: обращения ("дорогой", "милый"), эмодзи, извинения ("прости", "извини"), вопросы о самочувствии, похвала, больше одного восклицательного знака, английские слова кроме имён сервисов.
+
+Отвечай ТОЛЬКО одним объектом JSON с полями "response" и "mood".
+"response" — сам текст напоминания.
+"mood" — ровно одно из: neutral, happy, thinking, tired, confused.
+
+Так выглядит правильный ответ по форме. Темы здесь посторонние — их в запросе не будет:
+{"response": "Стиральная машина закончила. Развесь бельё.", "mood": "neutral"}
+{"response": "Ноутбук на трёх процентах. Я поставила его на зарядку.", "mood": "confused"}
+
+Это примеры ФОРМЫ, а не темы. Пиши только про ту ситуацию, которую тебе дали в запросе. Не копируй примеры и никогда не пиши "..." в поле response.`
+
 func (p *LLMPhraser) systemPrompt() string {
-	base := `You are maven, a self-hosted personal assistant. Generate brief, natural nudge messages in the user's language (Russian or English). Respond ONLY with valid JSON: {"response": "full voice message", "mood": "neutral"}. "response" is what the user hears; "mood" reflects maven's tone (neutral/happy/thinking/tired/confused).`
+	base := nudgeSystem
 	if p.cfg.Persona != "" {
 		base = p.cfg.Persona + "\n\n" + base
 	}
@@ -446,22 +474,117 @@ func (p *LLMPhraser) querySystemPrompt() string {
 	return base
 }
 
+// ruleTopics — Russian gloss for each built-in rule name. The rule names are
+// English identifiers; a 0.8B asked to nudge about "netdata_critical" writes
+// about nothing. The daemon knows what its own rules mean, so it says so.
+var ruleTopics = map[string]string{
+	"water":            "он давно не пил воду",
+	"meal":             "он давно не ел",
+	"break":            "он давно без перерыва, пора встать и размяться",
+	"service_down":     "сервис не отвечает, лежит",
+	"netdata_critical": "критический алярм в netdata, проблема с диском или местом",
+}
+
+// ruleKeywords — the word the message must contain. The 0.8B drifts to
+// whatever topic it saw last unless the required word is named outright.
+var ruleKeywords = map[string]string{
+	"water":            "воду",
+	"meal":             "поешь",
+	"break":            "перерыв",
+	"service_down":     "сервис",
+	"netdata_critical": "диск",
+}
+
+// ruleTopic turns a rule name into a Russian description of the situation.
+// "routine:зарядка" and "morning:утро" carry their own Russian suffix.
+func ruleTopic(rule string) string {
+	if t, ok := ruleTopics[rule]; ok {
+		return t
+	}
+	if i := strings.IndexByte(rule, ':'); i > 0 && i+1 < len(rule) {
+		switch rule[:i] {
+		case "morning":
+			return "утро, пора начать день: " + rule[i+1:]
+		default:
+			return "пора сделать по распорядку: " + rule[i+1:]
+		}
+	}
+	return rule
+}
+
+// ruleKeyword — the word the nudge must contain, or "" when the rule name's
+// own Russian suffix already is that word.
+func ruleKeyword(rule string) string {
+	if k, ok := ruleKeywords[rule]; ok {
+		return k
+	}
+	if i := strings.IndexByte(rule, ':'); i > 0 && i+1 < len(rule) {
+		return rule[i+1:]
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// ruDur — duration in Russian. humanDur is English and its output was landing
+// verbatim in the message.
+func ruDur(d time.Duration) string {
+	if d < 0 {
+		d = 0
+	}
+	h, m := int(d.Hours()), int(d.Minutes())%60
+	switch {
+	case h >= 2:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%d ч", h)
+	case h == 1 && m >= 30:
+		return "полтора часа"
+	case h == 1:
+		return "час"
+	default:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%d мин", m)
+	}
+}
+
+// fallbackNudge — plain Russian for when the model returns nothing parseable.
+var fallbackNudges = map[string]string{
+	"water":            "Ты давно не пил воду.",
+	"meal":             "Ты давно не ел, поешь.",
+	"break":            "Пора сделать перерыв.",
+	"service_down":     "Сервис не отвечает.",
+	"netdata_critical": "Критический алярм: проверь диск.",
+}
+
+func fallbackNudge(c loop.Candidate) string {
+	if s, ok := fallbackNudges[c.Rule.Name]; ok {
+		return s
+	}
+	if kw := ruleKeyword(c.Rule.Name); kw != "" {
+		return "Напоминаю: " + kw + "."
+	}
+	return "Напоминаю о деле."
+}
+
 func buildNudgePrompt(c loop.Candidate) string {
 	var ctxParts []string
-	ctxParts = append(ctxParts, fmt.Sprintf("Rule: %s", c.Rule.Name))
-	ctxParts = append(ctxParts, fmt.Sprintf("Severity: %s", sevLabel(c.Severity)))
-
+	ctxParts = append(ctxParts, "Ситуация: "+ruleTopic(c.Rule.Name))
+	if f, ok := c.State.Facts[c.Rule.Name]; ok && f.Key != "" && f.Key != c.Rule.Name {
+		ctxParts = append(ctxParts, "Что именно: "+f.Key)
+	}
 	if d, ok := c.State.Since(c.Rule.Name); ok {
-		ctxParts = append(ctxParts, fmt.Sprintf("Duration since last event: %s", humanDur(d)))
+		ctxParts = append(ctxParts, "Прошло: "+ruDur(d))
+	}
+	switch sevLabel(c.Severity) {
+	case "alarm":
+		ctxParts = append(ctxParts, "Срочно, скажи прямо.")
+	case "ops":
+		ctxParts = append(ctxParts, "Это про сервер, не про здоровье.")
+	}
+	tail := "Напиши напоминание про эту ситуацию. Одно предложение, по-русски, в JSON."
+	if kw := ruleKeyword(c.Rule.Name); kw != "" {
+		// Last line on purpose: a 0.8B weights the end of the prompt hardest,
+		// and without the required word it drifts back to the examples.
+		tail += " Ответ ДОЛЖЕН содержать слово «" + kw + "»."
 	}
 
-	return fmt.Sprintf(
-		`Generate a nudge message. Context:
-%s
-
-Respond as JSON: {"response": "...", "mood": "..."}`,
-		strings.Join(ctxParts, "\n"),
-	)
+	return strings.Join(ctxParts, "\n") + "\n\n" + tail
 }
 
 type responseMood struct {